Renting a house is an important decision that can affect your finances, comfort, and overall quality of life. Whether you are renting an apartment for the first time or relocating to a new neighbourhood, making the wrong choice can lead to unexpected expenses, disputes with landlords, and unnecessary stress.

Many tenants focus only on the rent amount and the appearance of a property without considering other important factors, such as the tenancy agreement, neighbourhood security, hidden charges, water supply, and the condition of the building.

Before paying rent or signing a tenancy agreement, it is important to understand the common mistakes to avoid when renting a house. With proper planning and careful inspection, you can find a property that meets your needs and fits your budget.

In this guide, we explore 10 common mistakes to avoid when renting a house and practical tips to help you make a more informed decision.

1. Failing to Inspect the Property Properly

One of the biggest mistakes tenants make is renting a house based only on pictures, videos, or an agent’s description.

Although a property may look attractive online, photographs may not reveal plumbing problems, damaged electrical installations, leaking roofs, poor ventilation, or other defects.

Before paying for a property, arrange an in-person inspection. Check the following:

• Walls and ceilings for cracks, dampness, or water stains.
• Doors and windows for proper locks and functionality.
• Toilets, bathrooms, taps, and drainage systems.
• Electrical sockets, switches, and lighting.
• Kitchen fittings and available storage.
• Roof condition and signs of leakage.
• Ventilation and natural lighting.

If possible, inspect the property more than once and bring someone who understands building maintenance.

Tip: Document existing defects with photographs or videos before moving in. This can help prevent disagreements about responsibility for damage when your tenancy ends.

2. Ignoring the Total Cost of Renting

Another common mistake is budgeting for rent alone.

Depending on the property and local practices, renting a house may involve several additional payments. These can significantly increase the amount you need before moving in.

Possible expenses include:

• Annual or periodic rent.
• Agency fees.
• Legal fees.
• Tenancy or agreement fees.
• Caution or security deposits.
• Service charges and estate maintenance fees.
• Utility connection or outstanding service costs.
• Moving expenses and minor repairs.

Before committing to a property, request a complete breakdown of all charges and clarify which payments are refundable.

For example, a property advertised at ₦1,200,000 per year may require a considerably larger upfront payment once applicable fees and deposits are included.

Do not assume that every fee is automatically legitimate or legally recoverable. Confirm the basis of each charge and the applicable local tenancy rules.

Tip: Calculate the total move-in cost before making a decision, and retain enough savings for emergencies after paying your rent.

3. Not Reading the Tenancy Agreement Carefully

A tenancy agreement explains the terms under which you will occupy the property. Signing it without understanding the contents can expose you to avoidable disputes.

Before signing, carefully review the following:

• The agreed rent and payment schedule.
• The tenancy commencement and expiration dates.
• The responsibilities of the landlord and tenant.
• Who pays for repairs and maintenance.
• The rules for renewing or terminating the tenancy.
• The conditions for increasing rent.
• The terms governing deposits and refunds.
• Any restrictions on pets, visitors, or alterations.
• The procedure for resolving disputes.

Ask questions about unclear clauses and request corrections where the agreement does not reflect what was agreed verbally.

If necessary, seek advice from a qualified legal professional who understands the tenancy laws applicable to the property’s location.

Tip: Never rely entirely on verbal promises. Important agreements should be properly documented in writing.

4. Failing to Research the Neighbourhood

A good house in an unsuitable neighbourhood can quickly become a frustrating place to live.

Before renting, research the surrounding area to determine whether it meets your daily needs and lifestyle.

Consider factors such as:

• Road access and transportation.
• Distance to work, school, or business.
• Access to hospitals, shops, and markets.
• Street lighting and security.
• Noise levels and nearby commercial activities.
• Availability of water, electricity, and internet services.
• Drainage and flooding risks.
• General cleanliness and waste disposal.

Visit the neighbourhood at different times of the day, including the evening, to understand traffic conditions, noise levels, and general activity.

You can also speak with current residents to learn about recurring problems that may not be obvious during a brief property inspection.

Tip: A slightly more expensive house in a convenient, secure location may offer better overall value than a cheaper property with high transportation costs or persistent environmental problems.

5. Paying Money Before Verifying the Landlord or Agent

Property rental scams can leave prospective tenants without a house and without their money.

One common mistake is transferring rent or a deposit before confirming that the person advertising the property has the authority to rent it out.

Before making payment, take the following steps:

1. Verify the identity of the landlord or authorised representative.
2. Inspect the actual property being offered.
3. Confirm that the person has the right to let the property.
4. Request written documentation of the agreed tenancy terms.
5. Verify all payment instructions before transferring money.
6. Obtain a receipt showing the amount paid, date, purpose, and recipient.

Be cautious if someone demands immediate payment, refuses physical inspection, offers an unusually low rent without a reasonable explanation, or insists that documentation can be provided later.

Where possible, pay through a traceable payment method and ensure the recipient is properly identified.

Tip: Do not pay rent solely because an agent claims that several other people are interested in the property.

6. Overlooking Water Supply, Electricity, and Other Utilities

Essential services can significantly affect your comfort and monthly expenses.

A house may appear affordable but become expensive to maintain if you have to rely heavily on alternative electricity sources, purchase water regularly, or pay high service charges.

During your inspection, ask questions about:

Water supply: Is there a functioning borehole, public water connection, water storage tank, or another dependable source?

Electricity: How reliable is the supply, and are there shared generator or alternative power arrangements?

Internet connectivity: Are mobile networks and internet services reliable in the area?

Waste disposal: Is rubbish collected regularly, and are there additional charges?

Drainage: Does water accumulate around the building during heavy rainfall?

Security: Are security services provided, and are tenants required to contribute to their cost?

Where possible, test the available facilities rather than relying only on verbal assurances.

Tip: Ask existing tenants about typical monthly utility and maintenance expenses so you can estimate the real cost of living in the property.

7. Ignoring Hidden Damage and Maintenance Problems

Some property defects are easy to overlook during a quick viewing but can become expensive problems after moving in.

Look beyond the paintwork and decorative finishes. Fresh paint can sometimes conceal dampness, cracks, or previous water damage.

Inspect areas such as:

• Bathroom walls and ceilings.
• Kitchen plumbing and drainage.
• Roof edges and ceiling corners.
• Windows and door frames.
• Electrical distribution boards.
• Water tanks and pumps.
• External walls and drainage channels.

Ask the landlord about the property’s maintenance history and whether any known problems remain unresolved.

Before signing the agreement, clarify which repairs the landlord will complete and agree on a reasonable timeline.

Record the property’s condition in a move-in inspection report, signed or acknowledged by both parties where possible.

Tip: If you notice significant structural cracks, persistent dampness, exposed electrical wiring, or other potentially dangerous defects, consider obtaining a professional assessment before renting.

8. Failing to Understand the Landlord’s Rules and Responsibilities

Every rental property may have rules governing its use, but tenants should understand these rules before committing to a tenancy.

Ask about restrictions relating to pets, visitors, parking, noise, shared facilities, waste disposal, and alterations to the property.

You should also clarify who is responsible for routine maintenance and major repairs.

For example, determine the arrangements for repairing a faulty water pump, damaged roof, leaking pipe, or electrical problem.

The exact responsibilities of landlords and tenants depend on the tenancy agreement and applicable law. Do not assume that every repair automatically falls to the tenant or that every repair is necessarily the landlord’s responsibility.

If you are renting within a gated estate or apartment complex, ask for a copy of the relevant rules and details of any mandatory charges.

Tip: Choose a property whose rules are compatible with your household’s needs and daily routine.

9. Choosing a House That Exceeds Your Budget

A beautiful apartment may be tempting, but renting a property that consumes too much of your income can create financial pressure throughout the tenancy.

Before choosing a house, calculate your expected housing expenses alongside your other regular commitments.

Include:

• Rent and applicable fees.
• Electricity and water expenses.
• Transportation costs.
• Food and household essentials.
• Maintenance contributions.
• Internet and communication costs.
• Savings and emergency expenses.

Consider not only whether you can afford the initial rent payment but also whether you can maintain the property comfortably for the full rental period.

If annual rent requires you to exhaust your savings or borrow more than you can reasonably repay, consider a more affordable alternative.

Tip: Set a realistic housing budget before viewing properties. This will help you compare options objectively instead of making an emotional decision.

10. Failing to Document Payments and Property Handover

After agreeing to rent a house, some tenants overlook the importance of keeping proper records.

This can create difficulties if there is a disagreement about rent payments, deposits, repairs, or the condition of the property.

To protect yourself, maintain a file containing:

• The signed tenancy agreement.
• Rent receipts and transfer confirmations.
• Records of agency and other applicable fees.
• Written communications with the landlord or agent.
• Photographs or videos of the property’s condition.
• An inventory of furniture, appliances, and fittings, where applicable.
• Records of repairs and maintenance requests.
• Copies of relevant notices and correspondence.

At handover, confirm the number of keys received, the condition of the property, the state of utility meters where relevant, and any outstanding work the landlord has agreed to complete.

When making payments, ensure that the receipt identifies the purpose of the payment and the period it covers.

Tip: Keep digital backups of important documents so you can access them if the original copies are misplaced.

Bonus: Questions to Ask Before Renting a House

Before making your final decision, ask the landlord or agent these important questions:

1. What is the total amount required before moving in?
2. How long is the tenancy, and when does it begin?
3. Are there additional service charges or recurring fees?
4. Who is responsible for major repairs and routine maintenance?
5. How reliable are the water and electricity supplies?
6. Has the property experienced flooding or serious structural problems?
7. What are the conditions for rent renewal or termination?
8. What are the rules for deposits and refunds?
9. Are there restrictions on visitors, pets, or parking?
10. Can I receive a signed tenancy agreement and official receipts?

The answers will help you compare properties and identify potential problems before making a commitment.

Conclusion

Renting a house should be a carefully considered decision, not one made solely because a property looks attractive or an agent is putting pressure on you to pay quickly.

By inspecting the building, calculating the total cost, researching the neighbourhood, verifying the landlord’s authority, and reviewing the tenancy agreement, you can reduce the risk of unnecessary expenses and disputes.

Whether you are renting your first apartment or moving to a new neighbourhood, take time to evaluate the property and ask the right questions before paying.

The best rental property is not necessarily the cheapest or most luxurious. It is one that meets your needs, fits your budget, and offers a safe and comfortable living environment.

Make informed decisions, document every important agreement, and ensure you understand your rights and responsibilities as a tenant before signing.